The science behind penalty shootouts: Analysis and probabilities

One of the most polemic aspects of the game, penalty kicks are dreaded by fans and derided by casuals, but just what does the science say?

The psychology behind penalty kicks and reaction time in the World Cup - The Washington Post

World Cup final: How Argentina won penalty shootout

The Science of the Penalty Shootout — The Niche Cache

Coin toss influences penalty shootout

The psychological warfare behind every penalty: the numbers, the dark arts and the odds

Full article: Fairness in penalty shootouts: Is it worth using dynamic sequences?

The Psychology of Perfect Penalties

Penalty Kick Analysis. I never believed teachers when they…, by Andrew Nghayoui

World Cup penalty kicks and the psychology behind the shootout - Sports Illustrated

World Cup penalty shoot-outs An analysis of World Cup penalty shoot-outs for betting

A Psychologist Spent Five Years Studying World Cup Penalty Shootouts - WSJ

A Chart For Predicting Penalty-Shootout Odds in Real Time